Michael feeeman



(Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

M. FREEMAN. SAND MOLD AND DLASK DoD MODDING.

N0. 244,443. Patented' July 19,1881.

(Model.)

M. FREEMAN. SAND MOLD AND FLASK FOR MOLDING. I

Patentedauly 19,1881'.

Y UNITED STATES@ PATENT OFFICE( MICHAEL FREEMAN, OF RACINE, WISCONSIN,ASSIGNOR IO STEPHEN FREEMAN St SONS, OF SAME PLAGE.

SAND MOLD AND FLASK FOR MOLDING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 244,443, dated July 19,1881.

n Application filed August 23,1880. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern 1 Be it known that I, MICHAEL FREEMAN, of

Racine, in the county of Racine and State of:v

against a tendency to break out in pouring.

In the art of two-part moldin gas heretofore practiced molds of thesmaller dimensions have been entirely stripped when set for pouringthatis, the cope and drag ilasks have been removed before setting the mold,and the two sand parts left standing o n a board withoutv lateralsupport till poured. In order to give necessary strength to the moldthus made, a considerable body of sand has been required laterallyoutside the impression. This gave relatively great bulk to the s cveralmolds, required a large space in which to setV them, and entailedexpense, of course, in their production by reason of the greater amountof sand handled in the process. Y

It is the object of my invention to materially lessen the amount of sandrequired in this class of molding, and at the same time insure the moldagainstbreakin gout in bein gpoured. As a result of my improvement, alarge class of work heretofore done on the floor, by reason of the largequantity of sand used for each mold, may be done on the bench 7 and bythe machine77 at the reduced cost which attends bench and vmachine work,floor-.space is economized, and a material, saving is realized byavoiding the loss which has heretofore been common from the breaking outof molds in pouring.

To these ends said yinvention consists, first, in a two-part mold?74(bywhich is meant' a mold containing two sand parts, made respectivelyiu the cope and drag and divided horizontally by the parting) surroundedby a permanent drag embracing the lower sand part and a portion onlyofthe upper sand part in such manner as to strengthen the mold laterallyat the parting, and thereby prevent the same from breaking out inpouring. The drag is called permanent,7 because it is left on the moldnntil poured.

It consists,secondly,iu a permanent drag of cast-iron adapted andintended to remain on the mold until poured, said drag being providedwith lugs cast thereon, which serve as stops to the press-board inmolding-machines.

It consists, thirdly, in the combination, with the permanent drag, of amatch-board or molding-board adapted to set up into the drag so as tobring the parting-line below the top of the drag.

Said invention consists, fourthly, in an adjustable notched steady-plateon. the drag, whereby said drag may be iitted to the steadypins of acope, so that a single cope may be Y used with several drags.

It consists, nally, in an improvement in methods-of making two-partmolds-namely, in locating the parting, or the whole oramain part of theimpression which is to receive the metal, below the top of the drag, andleaving the drag thus'extended above the parting or impression on themold till poured, whereby less sand is required in the mold for a givencasting and the mold is strengthened against a tendency to break out atthe parting when poured. By parting7 is meant the contiguous faces ofthe two sand parts of the completed mold external to the impression madeby the pattern.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows, in perspective, a flaskconsisting of an ordinary snap-cope and a cast-iron drag of thecharacter herein described. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of thecast-iron drag inverted on a match-board as it'is applied thereto in thefirst step of making the mold. Said drag is vshown filled with sand andwith the pressboard pressed down to place. The match board in thisfigure is not in section, but inside elevation, and clearly appears assetting up into the drag for the purpose of locating the parting withinthe drag, as will be further explained. Fig. 3 is a central verticalsection of the complete flask, composed of the drag and cope, right sideup, empty, and with the press-V board in place, through the plane wFig. 1. The horizontal dotted line indicates the location of the partingbetween the sand parts formed in the flask, as determined by the use ofthe elevated match-board shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an under-sidefragmentary view of the drag and cope at one end, showing the adjustableguide-plate on the dragflange to fit the steady-pins of the cope. Fig. 5is a ceutral vertical section7 and Fig. 6 is a perspective view, of myimproved mold as it appears embraced by the drag and ready to be poured.

C represents an ordinary snapcope, having the ears E and steady-pins E',c being the latch, and la the hinge.

D is a cast-iron drag intended to be left on the mold and to form a partthereof until broken down after casting. Said drag is provided with theiiange F, preferably extending entirely around the upper margin thereof,that it may give increased strength. At the ends of the drag said flangehas notches n to receive the steady-pins E on the cope C, and also thecorresponding steady-pins E on the match-board. Since many drags will beused with a single match-board and a single cope in molding, by reasonof the fact that a drag is left on each mold, as stated, each drag isprovided at one end with an adjustable plate, d, having a notch, n,which plate is movable outward or inward between the iiangesf, to strikethe steady-pin E'. This'plateis held in position by the bolt and nut t.By means of this adjusting device each ot' the several drags necessaryin the practice of my invention are readily fitted to the single copeand matchboard with which they are to be used. Said drag is alsoprovided with lugs m, preferably two on each side, terminating at aproper distance from the bottom edge, as shown, to form stops for thepress-board I), as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3.

In making a two-part mold accordiu g to the method heretofore practicedthe parting L between the two sand parts, though often irregular, hashad its general level located in the plane of the top of the drag; andin molds of minor dimensions the entire ask-cope and drag-has beenremoved from the sand, leaving thelatterwithoutlateral support.Inthelarger molds the flask has been retained on the sand until poured;but said flask has been either retained as a whole-that is, both copeand dragor has been wholly removed, as stated. In molds from which theflask has been removed it has been necessary to use a considerable bodyof sand located laterally outside the impression, in order to givestrength to the mold against a tendency to break out at the parting inbeing poured.

In my improved mold and method of molding the cope only is removed, andthe drag is left on the mold until the latter is broken down aftercasting. For this purpose said drag is made deeper than it would be madefor the ordinary construction of a mold for the same casting, in orderthat it may extend materially higher than the general level of theparting between the sand parts of the mold, and may practically embraceor hoop7 the two sand parts over the general level of the partingthat isto say, the same depth of sand being preserved in mine as in theordinary construction below the pattern or impression, (and consequentlybelow the parting-line of such pattern or impression,) the drag is madedeep enough to rise above the general level of said parting (which, inthe old method, is in the' plane of the top of the drag) and to includea substantial portion of the upper sand part of the mold. This featureof my invention is clearly shown in Fig. 5, wherein A represents theupper sand part of the mold; B, the lower sand part 5 and the drag C isshown as wholly includin g thelower part, B, and as rising above theparting L, to include the lower portion of the upper sand part, A.

In order to bring the general level of theparting in the positiondesired and indicated-th at is, below the top of the drag-thematch-board is made to set up a suitable distance into the drag in itsfirst or inverted position and in the initial step of forming the mold,as shown in Fig. 2. For ordinary; bench-work said matchboard may consistof the base-board b, having a frame, r, fitted to set up a properdistance into the inverted drag, and lled with sand, in which thepattern represented at a is embedded 5 or such pattern-support mayconsist of a board of suitable thickness,on or in which the patternrests. The base bis provided with steady-pins E, corresponding in formand position with the steady-pins E of the cope 0, which is to take theplace of the match-board after the drag part of the mold has beencompleted. The frame r is beveled or inclined inward as it rises fromthe base-board, for the obvious purpose of fitting the same to drawfreely when it is lifted olf or out of the drag preparatory to applyingthe cope C, and also that the cope may be lifted from the drag afterbeing lled with sand and preparatory to finally removing the pattern.The height of the frame 1^ herein represents the distance at which theparting will be located below the top of the drag in the finished mold.The sand in which the pattern is embedded in the frame r may, however,be arched upward from said frame, or it may be centrally depressed belowthe top of the frame. It will, as a matter of fact, often be irregularin height, according to the contour of the parting-line of thepattern;and it is not strictly necessary that the frame r be itself of uniformheight, as shown. On the other hand, said frame will in many cases be ofuniform height, as indicated in the drawings, and the sand contained insaid frame will as often be on a level therewith. This will obviouslygive a parting in a. plane parallel with IIC the top ofthe drag; butbelowit I have adopted the uniform height of frame 1', and have supposedthe same to be evenly lled with sand, for greater clearness andconvenience of illustration, and the straight dotted line L in theseveral iigures wherein it appears indicates the relative position ofthe plane parting. L similarly indicates the abrupt marginal inclines ofthe parting produced by the inclined faces of the frame r, for thepurpose ot' insuring draft, as stated. Said lineLis, however, intendedto stand for or to represent the general level of the parting, if'thelatter is not in a plane, as shown 5 and the lines L the extent ofdepression of said general level below the top of the drag, even if, inparticular cases or in parts of the same mold, the incline is not asabrupt or as near the margin as herein shown.

The steps taken andthe manipulations o f the several parts of the askand the matchboard in the process of forming the impression from thepattern are the same in the practice of my invention as heretofore takenfor this purpose. They need not, therefore, be here stated in detail.

My improvement in method relates to the steps or manipulations whichfollow the return of the cope, containing a part of the impression, tothe drag, containing its part, after the pattern has been removed. Ashereinbefore set forth, it has been customary at this stage ofconstruction to either remove the entire ask from or to leave the entireflask on the mold. In my method I remove the cope-flask and leave thedrag on the mold. The utility of this modification has reference, ofcourse, to the location of the general level of the parting below thetop of the drag, so that the improved method may be stated to consist,in the case of a two-part mold having the general level of the partingmaterially lower than the top of the-drag, in removing the cope-liaskafter the mold is finished, then setting the mold with the drag in placethereon, and finally removing the drag after the mold has been poured.

It is plain that in a mold constructed as shown much less sand need beused, and that the pattern or impression may extend laterally nearly tothe drag, as shown in the drawings, without danger of breaking out atthe points of such near approach. If the parting-level were in the planeof the drag-top, this would not be the case, though the drag were leftin place on the mold, for then the cope-sand would give way; but whenthe drag rises above the parting andis left on the mold, as shown, boththe cope part and the drag part of the mold are strengthened at theparting, and the rupture of either part is prevented.

I am acquainted with the use of a ring bedded in the drag part of atwo-part mold for the purpose of strengthening the same; but such use ofa ring is obviously not the equivalent of my construction for thesereasons: rst, that it does not rise above the partingface, and does not,consequently, strengthen the cope part ofthe mold 5 and, second, that ithas abody of sand laterally outside the same, to dispense with which isone of the obj ects and clear advantages of my invention. Moreover, saidring, being not of the iiask, but a separate and additional part to behandled, requires time for its adjustment and for the packing of thesand about it.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. Atwo-part sand or loammold consisting, as it stands ready to be poured, of the followingparts, namely: the upper sand part, A, the lower sand part, B, and thedrag-iiask D, the cope-ask being absent, and the parting between thesand parts being inclined downward from the top of the drag D, andhaving its general level below the top of said drag, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

2. The cast-iron drag D, having the stoplug, m to arrest thepress-board, and the adjustable plate d, whereby the drag may be readilyadjusted to the steady-pins of a cope, substantially as described.

3. The method of making a two-part sand mold which consists in locatingthe general parting below the level of the drag-top, and after the sandparts have been finally joined removing the cope and leaving the dragremaining on the mold, to be taken oit' when the same is broken downaftercasting, asy described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix mysignature in presence of two witnesses.

MICHAEL FREEMAN.

Witnesses:

J. E. DODGE, J oHN T. FISH.

IOO

